Diabetes mellitus can also be referred to as ‘diabetes’. Experts feel that this is a syndrome that can be characterized by abnormal levels of blood sugar and disordered metabolism. The disease results from reduced levels of the hormone insulin with or without resistance of the body towards effects of insulin.

The symptoms of existence of this disease include frequent urination, increase fluid intake, weight loss, blurred vision and lethargy or fatigue. One may not experience these symptoms if the blood sugar is only mildly increased.

A) There are three primary forms of diabetes as mentioned below:

a) Type1 diabetes

b) Type2 diabetes

c) Type 3 diabetes or gestational

All the above mentioned three types of diabetes are caused by different reasons. The main reason for occurrence of the above mentioned three types of diabetes remains inability of pancreas’s beta cells to produce adequate insulin in order to prevent triggering of the condition known as hypoglycemia.

B) The cause, however are different for the occurrence of all three types of diabetes.

a) Type1 diabetes:

This occurs due to destruction of autoimmune tendency of pancreatic beta cells.

b) Type2 diabetes:

The disease can be easily characterized by resistance of insulin in tissues. This results in the requirement for higher amounts of insulin. The final result is diabetes that develops when beta cells are not able to meet the demand of insulin amount.

c) Gestational diabetes:

It is quite similar to type2 diabetes. When it comes to involving resistance of insulin, the hormones of pregnancy can also result in resistance of insulin. This type of diabetes usually gets resolved as soon as the birth of baby takes place.

Type1 and Type2 diabetes are chronic conditions. There is no permanent cure for these conditions.

The treatment of diabetes can be done only via injecting insulin. Experts mean that dietary factors and certain lifestyle changes are also required for better treatment effects. When it comes to Type2 diabetes the management of the disease can be effectively done via combining dietary treatment, injections, tablets and insulin supplements.

The production of insulin is from natural sources like porcine pancreas. However, most insulin widely used these days are produced via genetic engineering. This is either done as a direct copy of human insulin or same insulin in conjunction with modified molecules that provide different onset and action duration. The same insulin can also be obtained via a specialized pump that provides insulin via changeable catheter.

All three types of diabetes have certain signs and symptoms so that one can identify the disease in the body.

C) Here are some of the signs and symptoms of diabetes to facilitate you to detect the traces of this disease as early as possible.

a) Rapid weight loss can be seen in Type1 diabetes.

b) Type2 diabetes can be characterized by changes in the shaped of the lenses of the eyes and blurred vision.

c) People with Type1 diabetes may also suffer from diabetic ketoacidosis or DKA. It is an extreme state of metabolic dysregulation. It is usually characterized by a typical smell of acetone in the patient’s breath.

d) Other symptoms include polyuria, Kussmaul breathing, vomiting, nausea, abdominal pain, vomiting and several states of consciousness or arousal. In certain severe cases, coma may also follow leading to death.

Remember that it is very important to treat diabetes mellitus to avoid serious health complications.

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According to the American Diabetes Association, nearly 21 million people in the United States have diabetes. The primary cause of diabetes is an excessive amount of blood sugar in the body, combined with the body’s inability to use all of the sugar as a source of energy. In a normal scenario, the body takes the sugar that you eat and turns it into a simple sugar called glucose. The glucose circulates in your blood to give you energy. In a patient with diabetes, there is excessive blood sugar and the pancreas doesn’t produce enough insulin (which helps deliver glucose to your cells) to handle all of the sugar. The two main classifications of diabetes are type 1 and type 2.

Type 1 Diabetes

Type 1 diabetes is generally a genetic disease passed on through generations of a family. It can affect children and adults alike, but most often begins in childhood and is carried through adulthood. The body produces only a small amount of insulin, if any at all. Eating excessive amounts of sugar can worsen the natural disruption caused by this specific classification.

Type 2 Diabetes

Type 2 diabetes often occurs because of a poor diet combined with lack of exercise. This classification most often occurs in adults over the age of 35, but the number of children getting this disease is rising because of poor food choices and lack of physical activity. A handful of people who contract type 2 diabetes are predisposed to it because of genetics.

Gestational Diabetes

Pregnant women sometimes experience a brief interaction with diabetes during pregnancy. This is called gestational diabetes. It happens in the second trimester and, in most cases, disappears after the baby is born. It is very important for a woman to keep in close contact with her obstetrician when this disease occurs. Gestational diabetes puts an expectant mother at higher risk for developing permanent type 2 diabetes. The risk for gestational diabetes in future pregnancies is higher, as well. The cause of gestational diabetes is not completely known, but there is a theory. Hormones from the placenta may be blocking the insulin that is being produced, causing the insulin not to be able to do its job properly.

What Are the Symptoms?

Symptoms of diabetes can be unnoticeable or mild in the early stages. Often, diabetes is not diagnosed until blood tests confirm the results. Symptoms of diabetes might include one or more of the following:

* Frequent urination

* Excessive thirst

* Nausea

* Blurred vision

* Fatigue

* Excessive weight loss, even if eating a normal amount of food

* Tingling of the hands and/or feet

* Ulcers (skin sores) that do not heal

* Acquiring frequent infections

When to Seek Professional Help

If you experience any of the symptoms listed above, you should contact your physician as soon as possible. Even if you do not have diabetes, these can be symptomatic of other potential diseases. You should have blood tests performed on a regular basis if diabetes runs in your family. Sugar levels are something that doctors check on a yearly basis, so getting a regular physical is something everyone should do.

What Is the Treatment?

Unfortunately, there are no known cures for diabetes. It can only be treated by keeping blood sugar low through proper diet and medication. A healthy diet and regular exercise are the primary things that you can control in dealing with diabetes. Diabetes medications are often in the form of pills (usually for type 2 diabetes) or insulin injections (commonly used for type 1 diabetes). Your doctor will develop the plan that works best for you, as diabetes treatment needs to be tailored to the individual. If left untreated, diabetes can result in the following complications:

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Causes of Diabetes
Diabetes mellitus often referred to simply as diabetes , is a syndrome characterized by disordered metabolism and abnormally high blood sugar (hyperglycaemia) resulting from insufficient levels of the hormone insulin

Diabetes is a disease in which the body does not produce or properly use insulin. Insulin is a hormone that is needed to convert sugar, starches and other food into energy needed for daily life. The cause of diabetes continues to be a mystery, although both genetics and environmental factors such as obesity and lack of exercise appear to play rolesIf you’ve been diagnosed with diabetes, you know how overwhelming it can seem. It may feel like your life has been temporarily turned upside down. The Diabetes Toolbox is an article that links all the information you need in one convenient place.

Risk factors of Diabetes
Age. The risk of type 2 diabetes increases as you get older, especially after age 45. Often, that’s because people tend to exercise less, lose muscle mass and gain weight as they age. But type 2 diabetes is increasing dramatically among children, adolescents and younger adults.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) – when a woman’s body produces an excess of testosterone (a male hormone) which causes the ovaries to release eggs (ovulate) less frequently than normal or they don’t release eggs at all. This syndrome usually causes irregular or absent menstrual cycles.

People with type 1 diabetes are more likely to have heart disease, stroke, kidney failure, high blood pressure, blindness, nerve damage and gum disease. These things happen 2 to 4 times more often in people with diabetes than in people without diabetes.

Diabetes resulting in an insulin-dependent state is classified as Type 1 diabetes. While Type 1 diabetes affects only between 5 to10 percent of the diabetic population, its effects on the body can be worse than other forms of diabetes. In the past, Type 1 has been known as juvenile or juvenile-onset diabetes (because it is usually diagnosed in those under thirty), brittle diabetes, unstable diabetes, and ketosis-prone diabetes.

Diabetes Symptoms
Diabetes often goes undiagnosed because many of its symptoms seem so harmless. Recent studies indicate that the early detection of diabetes symptoms and treatment can decrease the chance of developing the complications of diabetes

In type 2 diabetes, symptoms may go unnoticed for years, and only when complications of diabetes – such as foot ulceration or blurred vision occur – is diabetes diagnosed. Remember that all the symptoms may not be present.

Many of the signs of Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes are similar. In both, there is too much glucose in the blood and not enough in the cells of your body. High glucose levels in Type I are due to a lack of insulin because the insulin producing cells have been destroyed.Symptoms of ketoacidosis include nausea and vomiting. Dehydration and often-serious disturbances in blood levels of potassium follow.

Treatment  of Diabetes
If you have diabetes, your doctor may tell you to regularly check your blood sugar levels at home. There are a number of devices available, and they use only a drop of blood. Self-monitoring tells you how well diet, medication, and exercise are working together to control your diabetes and can help your doctor prevent complications.

In the past, the insulin was being derived from animal sources, particularly cows and pigs. Not only was there a problem with enough supply of insulin to meet the demand, but beef and pork insulin also had specific problems. Originating from animals, these types of insulin caused immune reactions in some people.Medication. Any medications you take may affect your blood sugar level, sometimes requiring changes in your diabetes treatment plan.

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Diabetes is a disease in which the body is unable to properly use the sugar called glucose to fuel our bodies for energy and growth the body needs. Virtually all of the food we consume is broken down into glucose sugar that enters into the bloodstream. The pancreas produces insulin which takes the glucose from the bloodstream into body cells, where it is then used for body fuel. If the pancreas doesn’t produce enough insulins or the cells don’t use insulin properly, the glucose builds up in the bloodstream while the cells that fuel the body are starved of energy. Overtime, if not treated diabetes can lead to serious health complications such as risk for heart disease, kidney renal disease, blindness, and nerve problems.

There are three types of diabetes. Type 1 and 2 diabetes and gestational
diabetes.

Type 1 diabetes:

Type 1 of diabetes is more serious than type 2 diabetes, in that the pancreas can no longer produce insulin, which control blood sugar (glucose) resulting in having to take insulin shots or other medication for diabetes. Sometimes referred to as juvenile diabetes, type 1 diabetes, although developing most often in children and teenagers, type 1 diabetes can occur at any age. Early diagnosis is crucial in preventing other serious complications brought about by diabetes disease and the effects of diabetes, such as heart disease, chronic kidney disease, being blind, nerve damage, and high blood pressure level. Some symptoms for diabetes are:

* Loss of weight
* Fatique-no energy
* Excessive thirst
* Increase in appetite
* Vision eyesight blurred
* Frequent urinating

Type 2 diabetes:

Type 2 of diabetes is the more common form of diabeties and although there is no cure for type 2 diabetes it can usually be controlled by losing weight and getting rid of excess fat, exercise, and eating healthy foods. Those with type 2 diabetes are able to create insulin; however, the pancreas can’t create enough insulin for a healthy blood sugar level or a normal glucose range to enter body cells to be used for self energy. Some of the diabetes risk factors associated with type 2 diabetes are:

* Genetic ancestry: If a parent or sibling has diabetes two the risk is higher for another family member of getting the disease.

* Being overweight

* Type 2 diabetes increases with age 45 and up

* Race or ethnic background. The risk of type 2 diabetes is greater in Africans, Latin Americans, Native Americans and Asians

* Non active. Health and fitness exercise is important for keeping type 2 diabetes under control

* Elevated blood pressure

Gestational diabetes: what is gestational diabetes?

Gestational diabetes, sometimes called glucose intolerance pregnancy, affects women who have high blood glucose levels during pregnancy. Usually, for most women there are no signs of symptoms. Most women are routinely screened between 24 and 28 weeks of pregnancy with a gestational diabetes testing glucose screening test. Screening is usually done by what’s known as the oral glucose tolerance test. This test measures blood sugar glucose to see if the body is handling the breaking down of blood sugars. Controlling gestational diabetes consist of diet & nutrition and exercise.

With any one of these diabetes types, controlling diabetes with diet, exercise and keeping blood glucose levels as close to normal as possible is crucial for a diabetic.

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Diabetes is a disease in which the body is unable to properly use the sugar called glucose to fuel our bodies for energy and growth the body needs. Virtually all of the food we consume is broken down into glucose sugar that enters into the bloodstream. The pancreas produces insulin which takes the glucose from the bloodstream into body cells, where it is then used for body fuel. If the pancreas doesn’t produce enough insulins or the cells don’t use insulin properly, the glucose builds up in the bloodstream while the cells that fuel the body are starved of energy. Overtime, if not treated diabetes can lead to serious health complications such as risk for heart disease, kidney renal disease, blindness, and nerve problems.

There are three types of diabetes. Type 1 and 2 diabetes and gestational diabetes.

Type 1 diabetes:
Type 1 of diabetes is more serious than type 2 diabetes, in that the pancreas can no longer produce insulin, which control blood sugar (glucose) resulting in having to take insulin shots or other medication for diabetes. Sometimes referred to as juvenile diabetes, type 1 diabetes, although developing most often in children and teenagers, type 1 diabetes can occur at any age. Early diagnosis is crucial in preventing other serious complications brought about by diabetes disease and the effects of diabetes, such as heart disease, chronic kidney disease, being blind, nerve damage, and high blood pressure level. Some symptoms for diabetes are:
*Loss of weight
*Fatigue-no energy
*Excessive thirst
*Increase in appetite
*Vision eyesight blurred
*Frequent urinating

Type 2 diabetes:
Type 2 of diabetes is the more common form of diabetes and although there is no cure for type 2 diabetes it can usually be controlled by losing weight and getting rid of excess fat, exercise, and eating healthy foods. Those with type 2 diabetes are able to create insulin; however, the pancreas can’t create enough insulin for a healthy blood sugar level or a normal glucose range to enter body cells to be used for self energy. Some of the diabetes risk factors associated with type 2 diabetes are:
*Genetic ancestry: If a parent or sibling has diabetes two the risk is higher for another family member of getting the disease.
*Being overweight
*Type 2 diabetes increases with age 45 and up
*Race or ethnic background. The risk of type 2 diabetes is greater in Africans, Latin Americans, Native Americans and Asians
*Non active. Health and fitness exercise is important for keeping type 2 diabetes under control
*Elevated blood pressure

Gestational diabetes: what is gestational diabetes?
Gestational diabetes, sometimes called glucose intolerance pregnancy, affects women who have high blood glucose levels during pregnancy. Usually, for most women there are no signs of symptoms. Most women are routinely screened between 24 and 28 weeks of pregnancy with a gestational diabetes testing glucose screening test. Screening is usually done by what’s known as the oral glucose tolerance test. This test measures blood sugar glucose to see if the body is handling the breaking down of blood sugars. Controlling gestational diabetes consist of diet & nutrition and exercise.

With any one of these diabetes types, controlling diabetes with diet, exercise and keeping blood glucose levels as close to normal as possible is crucial for a diabetic.

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